イリジウム触媒による酢酸tert-ブチルのα-アルキル化反応
石井らは,一級アルコールやα,ω-ジオールによる酢酸tert-ブチルのα-アルキル化反応を報告しています。本報告によれば,触媒としてクロロ(1,5-シクロオクタジエン)イリジウム(I) (ダイマー) ([IrCl(cod)]2),塩基としてカリウムtert-ブトキシドを用い,過剰量の酢酸tert-ブチルとn-ブタノールを100 ℃のtert-ブタノール中で15時間反応することによりヘキサン酸tert-ブチルを74 %の収率で得ています。さらに,本方法を用いて香料のエチレンブラシレート (Musk T) を合成しています。
“Iridium-Catalyzed α-Alkylation of Acetates with Primary Alcohols and Diols”
Y. Iuchi, Y. Obora, Y. Ishii, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 2536. DOI: 10.1021/ja9106989
Acetates were successfully alkylated with primary alcohols and α,ω-diols in the presence of tert-BuOK under the influence of [IrCl(cod)]2. For instance, the reaction of tert-butyl acetate with n-butanol in the presence of tert-BuOK as a base and [IrCl(cod)]2 as a catalyst in tert-BuOH at 100 °C produced tert-butyl hexanoate in good yield. When the α,ω-diol 1,9-nonanediol was employed, di-tert-butyl tridecanoate was obtained. These reactions are the first report of the alkylation of acetates using alcohols as alkylating agents. This method provides a very convenient direct route to carboxylates, which are very important raw materials in organic and industrial chemistry.